On Monday, after the markets closed, Apple reported its most recent quarterly earnings, and investors responded by dumping their shares. The company’s stock price dropped as much as 9 percent in after-hours trading. With most companies, such a sell-off comes after a big loss, tepid projections for the future, or quarterly numbers that failed to meet the expectations of Wall Street analysts. But in Apple’s case, it arrived after the company reported $13.1 billion in profits on sales of $57.6 billion, beating the Street’s consensus.